all Sunni Muslims believe that the fast on Day of Ashura is optional. Day of Ashura is commemorated for the following occasions which may have happened on the 10th Day of Muharram:
-God had mercy on Adam
-the deliverance of Noah from the flood
-Abraham was saved from Nimrod's fire
-Jacob's blindness was healed after Joseph's shirt was brought to him on this day
-Job was healed from his illness
-the Israelites were saved from Pharaoh's army
-Jesus was brought up to heaven after attempts by the Romans to capture and crucify him failed
all the above incidents are not confirmed to have taken place on Muharram 10th in the Koran, nor by any strong Hadith. these have been reported in the weaker Hadith, but are nevertheless regarded possible by majority of the Sunni Muslims. the most authentic is the 5th incident where God saved Moses and the Israelites from Pharaoh. this is the reason why many muslims fast on the 10th of Muharram.
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